EXAMINING PTSD, PTG, ALCOHOL USE, AND DRUG USE IN VETERANS AND ACTIVE-DUTY SERVICE MEMBERS: A MIXED METHODS APPROACH

Abstract

Military service members are at increased risk for developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) compared to the general population due to combat exposure and experiencing other traumatic events. PTSD is a mental health disorder associated with high levels of depression, substance use, mortality, and impaired functioning. However, research suggests there is a significant relationship between experiencing traumatic events, being diagnosed with PTSD, and exhibiting post-traumatic growth (PTG). PTG has been shown to protect persons from becoming overwhelmed with PTSD-associated stress, thus leading to a greater sense of stress management. Although the relationship between PTSD and PTG has been the subject of several studies, there have been few research studies devoted to assessing this relationship in active-duty service members and veterans in the southeastern region of the contiguous United States. Similarly, very little is known about the impact of drug and alcohol use on the relationship between PTSD and PTG in this population. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between PTSD and PTG in active-duty service members and veterans in the southeastern region of the contiguous United States and how this relationship is mediated and moderated by drug and alcohol use. The study population consisted of active-duty service members and veterans in the southeastern region of the contiguous United States, who served for at least two years or completed one deployment, and who are fluent in English. Participants were recruited from military-affiliated and -adjacent organizations, such as support groups, non-profit organizations, shelters, recruitment offices, etc. Data was collected via surveys and interviews assessing drug and alcohol use, PTG factor exhibition, and PTSD symptoms. This study’s results may help to identify specific mental health needs within the southeastern United States’ active-duty and veteran population, as well as aid in the development of support systems and culturally competent treatment options. By understanding more about the relationship between PTSD and PTG, facilitators and barriers to PTG, and the impact of substance use on the relationship between PTSD and PTG in this population, mental health professionals and communities will be better equipped to meet military mental health needs.